Laparoscopic Surgery

What is Laparoscopic surgery?

Laparoscopic surgery is also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS), bandaid surgery and keyhole surgery. It is a specialized surgical technique in which operations in the abdomen are performed through small incisions or ports usually 0.5–1.5 cm. A large single incision is carried out in traditional open surgery procedures. Keyhole surgery uses images displayed on TV monitors for magnification of the surgical elements. Laparoscopic surgery can also be used for operations within the abdominal or pelvic cavities. Keyhole surgeries performed on the thoracic or chest cavity are called thoracoscopic surgery. Laparoscopic surgeries are popularly performed for Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, rectal prolapse, cancer, diverticulitis and chronic constipation.

Laparoscopic surgery versus Open surgery

Open Surgery	Laparoscopic surgery
8 – 10 inch single incision	Multiple 1/4 or 1/2 inch incisions
Tedious post-operative recovery	Less post-operative recovery
Long hospital stays	Short hospital stay
More need of narcotics and medications for recovery	Less need of narcotics and medications for recovery
Higher amount of wound complications such as infections	Less amount of wound complications
Excessive bleeding with blood transfusion	Less bleeding and no blood transfusion
Over-exposure of internal organs and susceptibility to external contaminants and infections	Reduced exposure of internal organs to possible external contaminants thereby reduced risk of acquiring infections.

The Digital laparoscope

The laparoscope is a long, thin, fiber optic cable like a telescope which illuminates and magnifies the structures inside the abdomen. There are two types of laparoscopes:

Telescopic rod lens system: The telescopic rod lens system is a device which uses a single chip or three chip video camera connected to it.

Charge-coupled device: In the digital laparoscope the charge-coupled device is placed at the end of the laparoscope instead of the telescopic rod lens system.

A fiber optic cable system is attached which is connected to a ‘cold’ light source such as halogen or xenon. These are inserted through a 5mm or 10mm cannula or trocar to view the operative field. After prepping, the abdomen is insufflated with carbon dioxide gas. This elevates the abdominal wall above the internal organs like a dome creating a working and viewing space. CO2 is used because it is common to the human body and can be absorbed by tissue and removed by the respiratory system. It is also non-flammable, which is important because electrosurgical devices are commonly used in laparoscopic procedures.

A vast majority of the abdominal operations can be done by laparoscopy with excellent results, minimum pain and quick recovery.

Dr Radhakrishna has extensive experience in :

• Laparoscopic Cholecystestomy (REMOVAL OF GALL BLADDER WITH STONE)
• Laparoscopic Appendictomy (REMOVAL OF APPENDIX)
• Laparoscopic Colonicresection ( REMOVAL OF PART OF COLON)
• Laparoscopic AP resection(REMOVAL OF RECTUM)
• Laparoscopic Rectopexy(FIXING PROLAPSED RECTUM)
• Laparoscopic Cardiomyotomy (FIXING NARROWED FOOD PIPE)
• Laparoscopic Fundoplication( FIXING DILATED FOOD PIPE)
• Laparoscopic Esophageal surgery
• Laparoscopic Diaphragmatic Hernia Repair
• Laparoscopic Ventral Hernia Repair
• Laparoscopic Inguinal hernia Repair
• Laparoscopic cystogastrostomy
• Laparoscopic hydatid cyst liver surgery
• Laparoscopic splenectomy
• Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery And many more Laparoscopic surgery